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中國(guó)熱科院在農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA材料方面取得重要進(jìn)展

2022-10-14 09:31:53 來(lái)源： 中國(guó)熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院 閱讀量：18440 評(píng)論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】近日，中國(guó)熱科院?？趯?shí)驗(yàn)站優(yōu)稀果樹課題組在農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物資源化利用領(lǐng)域取得重要進(jìn)展，總結(jié)了近年來(lái)農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成聚羥基烷酸酯(PHA)工作中所取得的一系列研究成果，闡述了農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物作為潛在碳原料生產(chǎn)PHA的應(yīng)用前景，為農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物綜合利用提供了重要的工作思路與技術(shù)參考。
 
圖一 利用農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA材料及其復(fù)混改性示意圖
 
　　PHA是由微生物利用多種碳源發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生的一類高分子聚酯的總稱，具有良好生物相容性、生物可降解性和熱塑性，幾乎在任何環(huán)境(堆肥、土壤、海水)中都可以被微生物分解，已被廣泛應(yīng)用于生物醫(yī)學(xué)材料和可降解塑料的生產(chǎn)，但PHA的高生產(chǎn)成本和不穩(wěn)定性阻礙了其商業(yè)化進(jìn)程。利用作物秸稈、果皮等農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA可以有效解決廢棄物綜合利用以及如何開發(fā)生態(tài)友好型生物材料的問題，發(fā)展前景廣闊。研究系統(tǒng)回顧了近年來(lái)在利用農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA領(lǐng)域所取得的重要研究進(jìn)展，詳細(xì)介紹了秸稈、果皮、糖渣等不同來(lái)源廢棄物合成PHA的生產(chǎn)效率與技術(shù)方法，歸納了物理、化學(xué)、生物等前處理措施在農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA中的作用、特征與技術(shù)瓶頸等，同時(shí)比較了淀粉、木質(zhì)素、纖維素等不同組分與PHA復(fù)混改性的相關(guān)技術(shù)，對(duì)改性后復(fù)混材料的生物相容性、熱穩(wěn)定性、氣體阻隔性等性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)分析，提出了農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA材料領(lǐng)域相關(guān)的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)，并對(duì)今后的技術(shù)需求與研究方向進(jìn)行了展望。
 
圖二 農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物合成PHA產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的主要研究方向
 
　　相關(guān)研究成果以“Agro waste as a potential carbon feedstock for poly-3-hydroxy alkanoates production: Commercialization potential and technical hurdles”為題發(fā)表于《Bioresource Technology》，中國(guó)熱科院?？趯?shí)驗(yàn)站優(yōu)稀果樹課題組丁哲利副研究員為該論文的第一作者，西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)資環(huán)學(xué)院Mukesh副教授為通訊作者，研究得到了國(guó)家高端外國(guó)專家引進(jìn)計(jì)劃等項(xiàng)目的資助。

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