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浙江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳關(guān)于做好2020年農(nóng)業(yè)重大病蟲(chóng)疫情防控工作的通知

2020-03-19 15:45:51 來(lái)源:浙江農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳 閱讀量:20787 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:為全力抓好重大病蟲(chóng)疫情防控工作,保障農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)安全,加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量綠色發(fā)展,現(xiàn)就做好2020年草地貪夜蛾等農(nóng)業(yè)重大病蟲(chóng)疫情防控工作通知如下:

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 通知公告】各市、縣(市、區(qū))農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局:
 
  為全力抓好重大病蟲(chóng)疫情防控工作,保障農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)安全,加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量綠色發(fā)展,現(xiàn)就做好2020年草地貪夜蛾等農(nóng)業(yè)重大病蟲(chóng)疫情防控工作通知如下:
 
  一、加強(qiáng)組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo),壓實(shí)屬地責(zé)任
 
  據(jù)植保部門(mén)監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè),2020年我省草地貪夜蛾和水稻重大病蟲(chóng)呈偏重發(fā)生態(tài)勢(shì),其他重大病蟲(chóng)害發(fā)生不確定因素加大,防控任務(wù)十分艱巨。各地要切實(shí)提高政治站位,全面落實(shí)“政府主導(dǎo),屬地負(fù)責(zé),聯(lián)防聯(lián)控”工作機(jī)制,發(fā)揮防治農(nóng)業(yè)動(dòng)植物疫病指揮部的作用,確保防控責(zé)任、防控資金、防控物資、防控隊(duì)伍和防控技術(shù)“五個(gè)到位”。要采取科學(xué)防控策略和防治辦法,制定防控方案,認(rèn)真組織實(shí)施,堅(jiān)決守住“重大病蟲(chóng)害不大面積暴發(fā)成災(zāi),重大植物疫情不惡性擴(kuò)散蔓延”兩條底線,重大病蟲(chóng)危害損失率控制在5%以內(nèi),確保農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)安全。
 
  二、加強(qiáng)病蟲(chóng)監(jiān)測(cè),提升預(yù)警能力
 
  建立健全重大病蟲(chóng)調(diào)查監(jiān)測(cè)、信息報(bào)送、會(huì)商研判和情報(bào)發(fā)布制度。加大草地貪夜蛾、小麥赤霉病、水稻“兩遷”害蟲(chóng)等病蟲(chóng)害的監(jiān)測(cè)范圍和調(diào)查頻次,拓展其他重大病蟲(chóng)害監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查,及時(shí)發(fā)布預(yù)警信息,確保情報(bào)發(fā)布及時(shí)、傳遞到位。當(dāng)前要重點(diǎn)做好二化螟、草地貪夜蛾越冬基數(shù)和小麥赤霉病菌源基數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查工作。加強(qiáng)病蟲(chóng)害數(shù)字化監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè),加快淳安、平湖、海鹽、常山、開(kāi)化和瑞安等6縣(市)的智能測(cè)報(bào)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施,新建“兩遷”害蟲(chóng)蟲(chóng)情智能監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)24個(gè),逐步形成覆蓋全省的智能測(cè)報(bào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。優(yōu)化完善測(cè)報(bào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系,探索病蟲(chóng)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域站共建共享、分作物調(diào)查、分級(jí)負(fù)責(zé)、分類(lèi)管理的新模式,拓寬病蟲(chóng)害監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域,進(jìn)一步提高預(yù)警能力。
 
  三、加強(qiáng)科學(xué)防控,推進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展
 
  按照“預(yù)防為主,綜合防治”的植保方針,堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治、群防群治、聯(lián)防聯(lián)控,重點(diǎn)做好草地貪夜蛾、小麥赤霉病、水稻“兩遷”害蟲(chóng)等重大病蟲(chóng)害防控工作,注重日常防范的同時(shí)強(qiáng)化應(yīng)急防控。春耕期間要抓好小麥油菜病蟲(chóng)害預(yù)防、早稻種子藥劑處理和二化螟綜合治理等工作。積極推進(jìn)統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治與綠色防控融合發(fā)展,創(chuàng)建一批不使用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的防控示范點(diǎn),建設(shè)百個(gè)定額使用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的省級(jí)綠色防控示范區(qū),實(shí)施農(nóng)作物病蟲(chóng)害專(zhuān)業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治800萬(wàn)畝,推廣應(yīng)用綠色防控技術(shù)1000萬(wàn)畝,降低農(nóng)藥使用量。開(kāi)展“萬(wàn)名農(nóng)民骨干科學(xué)用藥大培訓(xùn)”活動(dòng),重點(diǎn)培訓(xùn)水稻、蔬菜、茶葉等農(nóng)作物病蟲(chóng)害綠色防控技術(shù),提高綠色防控技術(shù)到位率。加大對(duì)植保專(zhuān)業(yè)化服務(wù)組織扶持,充分發(fā)揮植保服務(wù)組織應(yīng)急骨干和示范帶動(dòng)作用,提高重大病蟲(chóng)害應(yīng)急防控能力。
 
  四、加強(qiáng)檢疫監(jiān)管,嚴(yán)防疫情擴(kuò)散
 
  強(qiáng)化植物疫情防控阻截,根據(jù)《全省阻截帶建設(shè)方案》《紅火蟻等10種植物疫情防控技術(shù)方案》,加強(qiáng)分類(lèi)指導(dǎo),實(shí)施“一疫一策”,堅(jiān)決遏制紅火蟻、柑橘黃龍病等重大植物疫情蔓延為害。強(qiáng)化植物檢疫監(jiān)管,疫情防控重心由事后治疫向事前防疫轉(zhuǎn)移。嚴(yán)格國(guó)外引種檢疫審批和種子種苗產(chǎn)地檢疫,建立完善水稻、柑橘和瓜類(lèi)作物種子種苗生產(chǎn)主體、生產(chǎn)基地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù),創(chuàng)建一批無(wú)疫種苗基地(場(chǎng)圃)。組織開(kāi)展植物檢疫執(zhí)法監(jiān)管,推動(dòng)多部門(mén)聯(lián)合執(zhí)法,重點(diǎn)檢查種子種苗繁育、經(jīng)銷(xiāo)、進(jìn)口主體和交易市場(chǎng),實(shí)施種子種苗集中檢測(cè)檢疫。強(qiáng)化植物檢疫員隊(duì)伍建設(shè),著力提升檢疫人才隊(duì)伍技術(shù)水平。
 
  五、加強(qiáng)農(nóng)藥管理,提升治理水平
 
  嚴(yán)格農(nóng)藥審批管理。把好農(nóng)藥產(chǎn)品登記關(guān),鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展高效綠色環(huán)境友好型農(nóng)藥,繼續(xù)推進(jìn)特色小宗作物用藥登記試驗(yàn);把好農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)許可關(guān),嚴(yán)格準(zhǔn)入條件,淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,引導(dǎo)農(nóng)藥產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展;把好農(nóng)藥經(jīng)營(yíng)許可關(guān),優(yōu)化農(nóng)藥經(jīng)營(yíng)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)布局,全面深化農(nóng)藥購(gòu)買(mǎi)實(shí)名制,規(guī)范農(nóng)藥經(jīng)營(yíng)行為。開(kāi)展農(nóng)藥專(zhuān)項(xiàng)整治,強(qiáng)化監(jiān)督檢查,加大農(nóng)藥產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督抽查力度,嚴(yán)厲查處違規(guī)行為。加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)藥實(shí)名制改革試點(diǎn)建設(shè),積極探索構(gòu)建農(nóng)藥“進(jìn)-銷(xiāo)-用-回”全程可追溯體系,創(chuàng)新農(nóng)藥管理和使用模式,不斷提升農(nóng)藥使用效率和廢棄包裝物回收處置率。優(yōu)化農(nóng)藥應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備和廢棄包裝物回收處置機(jī)制,落實(shí)重大病蟲(chóng)防控物資應(yīng)急保障。
 
  附件:1.2020年浙江省草地貪夜蛾防控預(yù)案
 
  2.2020年浙江省水稻重大病蟲(chóng)害防控技術(shù)方案
 
  浙江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳
 
  2020年3月14日
 
  附件1
 
2020年浙江省草地貪夜蛾防控預(yù)案
 
  我省地處草地貪夜蛾遷飛過(guò)渡區(qū),是其北遷南回的橋梁地帶。為切實(shí)做好草地貪夜蛾防控,確保各項(xiàng)措施落實(shí)到位,有效控制發(fā)生危害,根據(jù)《農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部關(guān)于印發(fā)〈2020年全國(guó)草地貪夜蛾防控預(yù)案〉的通知》精神,結(jié)合我省實(shí)際,制定本預(yù)案。
 
  一、防控思路
 
  堅(jiān)持“預(yù)防為主、綜合防治”的植保方針和“公共植保、綠色植保”理念,在做好新冠肺炎疫情防控的同時(shí),按照“早謀劃、早預(yù)警、早準(zhǔn)備、早防治”要求,積極組織開(kāi)展全面監(jiān)測(cè)、應(yīng)急防治,統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治、聯(lián)防聯(lián)控,確保草地貪夜蛾不大規(guī)模遷飛為害,努力保障全省農(nóng)業(yè)豐產(chǎn)豐收,為全國(guó)草地貪夜蛾阻截防控工作發(fā)揮積極作用。
 
  二、目標(biāo)任務(wù)
 
  實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)確保”,確保蟲(chóng)口密度達(dá)標(biāo)區(qū)域應(yīng)防盡防,確保發(fā)生區(qū)域不大面積成災(zāi),防控處置率90%以上,總體危害損失控制在5%以內(nèi)。
 
  三、防控措施
 
  (一)全面監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警。
 
  1.合理設(shè)置監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)。按照草地貪夜蛾遷飛過(guò)渡區(qū)監(jiān)測(cè)要求,3-11月全面開(kāi)展監(jiān)測(cè)工作。以玉米為重點(diǎn),兼顧水稻、蔬菜、小麥、高粱,提前布設(shè)性誘、燈誘等監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備。全省玉米生產(chǎn)重點(diǎn)縣每個(gè)村至少布設(shè)1套性誘設(shè)備開(kāi)展監(jiān)測(cè)。
 
  2.全面加強(qiáng)田間調(diào)查。按照《浙江省草地貪夜蛾測(cè)報(bào)調(diào)查方法(試行)》要求,玉米生產(chǎn)重點(diǎn)縣要組織技術(shù)人員定期開(kāi)展系統(tǒng)調(diào)查,及時(shí)掌握田間產(chǎn)卵數(shù)量、幼蟲(chóng)密度和被害株率。在發(fā)生關(guān)鍵期,各地要組織鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)技人員、種植大戶等一線生產(chǎn)人員參與大田普查,明確重點(diǎn)防控區(qū)域和關(guān)鍵防控時(shí)期。
 
  3.及時(shí)發(fā)布預(yù)警信息。嚴(yán)格落實(shí)蟲(chóng)情信息報(bào)送制度,繼續(xù)執(zhí)行*查見(jiàn)當(dāng)天即報(bào),已發(fā)生區(qū)一周兩報(bào)。各地通過(guò)“全國(guó)草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生防控信息平臺(tái)”及時(shí)填報(bào)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)和防控情況。關(guān)鍵時(shí)期組織專(zhuān)家會(huì)商,分析蟲(chóng)情趨勢(shì),發(fā)布預(yù)警信息,并通過(guò)電視、廣播、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等多種形式廣泛宣傳,提高信息覆蓋率和到位率,指導(dǎo)科學(xué)防控。
 
  (二)落實(shí)防控技術(shù)。
 
  1.做好生態(tài)理化誘控。充分利用玉米與非禾本科作物間作套作的作物布局,保護(hù)農(nóng)田自然環(huán)境中的寄生性和捕食性天敵,形成生態(tài)阻截帶,發(fā)揮天敵控害作用。成蟲(chóng)遷入高峰期時(shí),集中連片玉米種植田塊,每30-50畝可安裝1臺(tái)黑光燈,或者每畝設(shè)置1套性誘設(shè)備,集中誘殺成蟲(chóng),壓低蟲(chóng)口基數(shù),減輕危害損失。
 
  2.做好科學(xué)用藥滅殺。對(duì)蟲(chóng)口密度高、集中連片發(fā)生區(qū)域,抓住草地貪夜蛾3齡前幼蟲(chóng)防控時(shí)期,集中開(kāi)展藥劑防治,施藥時(shí)間以清晨或傍晚為宜,重點(diǎn)噴施在玉米心葉、雄穗和雌穗等部位。在卵孵初期優(yōu)先使用生物農(nóng)藥,達(dá)到草地貪夜蛾防治指標(biāo)(玉米苗期至小喇叭口期被害株率5%,大喇叭口期以后10%)時(shí),選用甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽、氯蟲(chóng)苯甲酰胺等高效、低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)化學(xué)藥劑防治。要指導(dǎo)農(nóng)民科學(xué)選藥、輪換用藥,延緩抗藥性產(chǎn)生。
 
  3.做好應(yīng)急防控預(yù)案。各地要根據(jù)應(yīng)急防控需要,儲(chǔ)備必要的藥劑和器械等防治物資,以專(zhuān)業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治服務(wù)組織為主體,以新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體為補(bǔ)充,組建培育應(yīng)急防治隊(duì)伍,配備高效施藥器械和安全防護(hù)用品,提升應(yīng)急防治能力和水平。一旦出現(xiàn)大面積暴發(fā)危害的蟲(chóng)情,要及時(shí)將預(yù)警信息報(bào)送本級(jí)人民政府和上級(jí)業(yè)務(wù)主管部門(mén),并提出應(yīng)急防治對(duì)策建議,劃定應(yīng)急防治范圍和面積,調(diào)集防治隊(duì)伍,組織開(kāi)展應(yīng)急防治行動(dòng),嚴(yán)防大面積暴發(fā)成災(zāi)。
 
  四、防控保障措施
 
  (一)加強(qiáng)組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳成立由分管負(fù)責(zé)同志牽頭的全省草地貪夜蛾防控工作組織,日常具體工作由省植保農(nóng)藥總站承擔(dān),統(tǒng)一指揮調(diào)度全省防控工作。在草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,加大工作調(diào)度、召開(kāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)、派出督導(dǎo)組赴重點(diǎn)地區(qū)調(diào)研指導(dǎo),推進(jìn)防控任務(wù)落實(shí)。各地要落實(shí)屬地責(zé)任,加強(qiáng)行政推動(dòng),制定防控預(yù)案,統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)和督促落實(shí)轄區(qū)內(nèi)防控工作,切實(shí)做到早準(zhǔn)備、早監(jiān)測(cè)、早防控。
 
  (二)加強(qiáng)資金投入。各地要用好中央生產(chǎn)救災(zāi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金,積極爭(zhēng)取地方財(cái)政支持,安排必要的監(jiān)測(cè)防控經(jīng)費(fèi),并統(tǒng)籌規(guī)范使用。要及早購(gòu)置監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備,儲(chǔ)備防控物資,培育社會(huì)化專(zhuān)業(yè)植保組織,為確保各項(xiàng)防控措施落實(shí)創(chuàng)造條件。
 
  (三)加強(qiáng)宣傳指導(dǎo),加大草地貪夜蛾知識(shí)普及和防控技術(shù)培訓(xùn)力度,充分利用新媒體平臺(tái),加強(qiáng)科普宣傳,推廣統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治、綠色防控和科學(xué)用藥技術(shù)。各地農(nóng)技人員要結(jié)合“三聯(lián)三送三落實(shí)”要求,深入生產(chǎn)一線,及時(shí)指導(dǎo)解決問(wèn)題。
 
  (四)加強(qiáng)科技支撐。充分發(fā)揮“三農(nóng)六方”專(zhuān)家團(tuán)隊(duì)的作用,對(duì)草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生規(guī)律、為害特點(diǎn)、監(jiān)測(cè)防治等開(kāi)展協(xié)同研究,開(kāi)展技術(shù)集成和試驗(yàn)示范。關(guān)鍵時(shí)期組織專(zhuān)家到防控重點(diǎn)區(qū)域和技術(shù)薄弱地區(qū)開(kāi)展技術(shù)指導(dǎo)、科普講座,編發(fā)防治技術(shù)手冊(cè)。
 
  草地貪夜蛾應(yīng)急防治用藥推薦名單
 
  一、單劑(8種):甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽、茚蟲(chóng)威、四氯蟲(chóng)酰胺、氯蟲(chóng)苯甲酰胺、虱螨脲、蟲(chóng)螨腈、乙基多殺菌素、氟苯蟲(chóng)酰胺。
 
  二、生物制劑(6種):甘藍(lán)夜蛾核型多角體病毒、蘇云金桿菌、金龜子綠僵菌、球孢白僵菌、短穩(wěn)桿菌、草地貪夜蛾性引誘劑。
 
  三、復(fù)配制劑(14種):甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·茚蟲(chóng)威、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·氟鈴脲、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·高效氯氟氰菊酯、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·蟲(chóng)螨腈、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·虱螨脲、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·蟲(chóng)酰肼、氯蟲(chóng)苯甲酰胺·高效氯氟氰菊酯、除蟲(chóng)脲·高效氯氟氰菊酯、氟鈴脲·茚蟲(chóng)威、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·甲氧蟲(chóng)酰肼、氯蟲(chóng)苯甲酰胺·阿維菌素、甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽·殺鈴脲、氟苯蟲(chóng)酰胺·甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽、甲氧蟲(chóng)酰肼·茚蟲(chóng)威。
 
  本推薦名單有效時(shí)間截止到2021年12月31日。
 
  附件2
 
2020年浙江省水稻重大病蟲(chóng)害防控技術(shù)方案
 
  為做好2020年水稻重大病蟲(chóng)害防控工作,制定本方案。
 
  一、防控目標(biāo)
 
  以保障糧食生產(chǎn)和質(zhì)量安全為目標(biāo),確保水稻重大病蟲(chóng)害不暴發(fā)成災(zāi),區(qū)域性重大病蟲(chóng)害不造成重大損失,病蟲(chóng)危害損失率控制在5%以內(nèi);總體防治效果達(dá)到85%以上。
 
  二、防控策略
 
  堅(jiān)持“預(yù)防為主、綜合防治、分區(qū)治理、突出重點(diǎn)”的總體策略,抓住重點(diǎn)病蟲(chóng)、重發(fā)區(qū)域和關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,以稻田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為中心,持續(xù)推進(jìn)綠色防控技術(shù),優(yōu)先應(yīng)用農(nóng)業(yè)措施、生態(tài)控制、生物防治、理化誘控等技術(shù)措施,協(xié)調(diào)應(yīng)用高效、低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)農(nóng)藥,促進(jìn)水稻重大病蟲(chóng)害可持續(xù)治理,保障水稻生產(chǎn)、稻米質(zhì)量和稻田生態(tài)安全。
 
  三、防控措施
 
  (一)分區(qū)防控重點(diǎn)。
 
  1.浙北平原單季稻區(qū)。重點(diǎn)防控稻縱卷葉螟、褐飛虱、紋枯病、稻曲病、惡苗病,關(guān)注稻瘟病、大螟、二化螟、稻薊馬等。
 
  2.浙中南單雙季混栽稻區(qū)。早稻重點(diǎn)防控二化螟、紋枯病、惡苗病,關(guān)注白背飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟;單季和連作晚稻重點(diǎn)防控稻飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟、二化螟、紋枯病、稻曲病、惡苗病、細(xì)菌性基腐??;關(guān)注稻瘟病、穗腐病、白葉枯病、細(xì)菌性條斑病、稻薊馬、葉蟬等。
 
  3.浙西南丘陵山區(qū)單季稻區(qū)。重點(diǎn)防控稻飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟、紋枯病、稻瘟病、稻曲病,關(guān)注二化螟、惡苗病等。
 
  (二)主推技術(shù)。
 
  1.農(nóng)業(yè)防治。選用抗(耐)性品種,強(qiáng)化健身栽培,提高水稻抗逆性。單雙季稻混栽區(qū)提倡集中連片種植,盡量避免插花種植,減少二化螟橋梁田。推廣集中育供秧,單季稻區(qū)適當(dāng)推遲播種期。落實(shí)翻耕灌水殺蛹措施,降低二化螟發(fā)生基數(shù)。
 
  2.生態(tài)控制。稻田旁種植香根草誘集二化螟產(chǎn)卵,田埂種植芝麻、大豆、波斯菊、硫華菊、三葉草等顯花植物,提倡田埂留草,為天敵提供庇護(hù)所,提高天敵的控害能力。
 
  3.生物防治。
 
  (1)釋放赤眼蜂。在稻田二化螟、稻縱卷葉螟成蟲(chóng)始盛期釋放稻螟赤眼蜂或螟黃赤眼蜂,每代視蟲(chóng)情釋放2~3次,間隔3~5天釋放一次,每畝每次釋放1萬(wàn)頭,每畝設(shè)置5~8個(gè)釋放點(diǎn),釋放點(diǎn)間隔約為10~12米。放蜂高度以分蘗期蜂卡高于植株頂端5~20厘米、穗期低于植株頂端5~10厘米為宜。拋撒型釋放器可直接投入田間。
 
  (2)稻鴨共育。水稻分蘗初期,將15~20天的雛鴨放入稻田,每畝放鴨10~30只,水稻齊穗時(shí)收鴨。通過(guò)鴨子的取食活動(dòng),減輕紋枯病、稻飛虱、福壽螺和雜草等病蟲(chóng)草的發(fā)生為害。
 
  4.物理防治。
 
  (1)物理阻隔育秧。在水稻秧苗期,采用20~40目防蟲(chóng)網(wǎng)或無(wú)紡布全程覆蓋,阻隔稻飛虱,預(yù)防病毒病。
 
  (2)性信息素誘捕。從越冬代二化螟成蟲(chóng)羽化始期開(kāi)始,全程應(yīng)用二化螟性信息素誘捕雄性成蟲(chóng)。大面積連片使用,非稻田也要放置,平均每畝1個(gè)誘捕器,每個(gè)誘捕器間距25米左右,采用外密內(nèi)疏的布局方法。誘捕器放置高度以水稻分蘗期距地面50cm、穗期高于植株頂端10cm為宜??蛇x用長(zhǎng)效誘芯和干式飛蛾誘捕器。
 
  5.科學(xué)用藥。
 
  (1)秧苗期種子處理和秧苗帶藥下田。針對(duì)苗期惡苗病、稻瘟病、病毒病、稻飛虱、稻薊馬、線蟲(chóng)等病蟲(chóng),選用種子處理劑浸種或拌種。秧苗移栽前2~3天施用內(nèi)吸性藥劑,帶藥移栽,預(yù)防螟蟲(chóng)、稻瘟病、稻飛虱等。
 
  (2)大田穗期保護(hù)。重點(diǎn)抓好水稻孕穗期(倒三葉抽生期)和破口前7~10天(全田10%-20%劍葉與倒二葉葉枕距齊平)這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的藥劑保護(hù)。水稻孕穗期重點(diǎn)防控紋枯病、稻縱卷葉螟、稻飛虱;水稻破口前7~10天重點(diǎn)防控稻曲病、稻瘟病、稻飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟,兼治紋枯病和二化螟。
 
  (3)突發(fā)病蟲(chóng)應(yīng)急防控。稻瘟?。悍痔Y期田間發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)病中心時(shí)立即施藥控制葉瘟,破口前3~5天施藥預(yù)防穗瘟,病害流行時(shí)7天后第2次施藥。細(xì)菌性病害:病區(qū)移栽前做好帶藥下田,大田田間出現(xiàn)發(fā)病中心要立即用藥,沿海稻區(qū)臺(tái)風(fēng)暴雨過(guò)后要全面用藥預(yù)防。二化螟:一般分蘗期于枯鞘叢率達(dá)到8~10%或枯鞘株率3%時(shí)施藥,穗期于卵孵化高峰期或提前用藥;對(duì)主治藥劑產(chǎn)生高水平抗藥性的區(qū)域,要著重落實(shí)好區(qū)域綜合治理措施。褐飛虱:孕穗抽穗期百叢蟲(chóng)量1000頭、穗期百叢蟲(chóng)量1500頭時(shí)對(duì)準(zhǔn)稻叢基部噴霧,用藥后5~7天要及時(shí)檢查防治效果,對(duì)防治效果不理想的及時(shí)采取補(bǔ)救措施。稻縱卷葉螟:生物農(nóng)藥防治適期為卵孵化始盛期至低齡幼蟲(chóng)高峰期;化學(xué)藥劑防治指標(biāo)為分蘗期百叢水稻束葉尖150個(gè),穗期百叢水稻束葉尖60個(gè)。
 
  (4)注意事項(xiàng)。稻田禁止使用含擬除蟲(chóng)菊酯類(lèi)成分的農(nóng)藥,慎重使用有機(jī)磷類(lèi)農(nóng)藥。每種藥劑一季水稻上多使用二次,延緩病蟲(chóng)抗藥性。
 
水稻主要病蟲(chóng)科學(xué)用藥推薦名單 
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